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3.3.2. Deductive
The deductive approach to teaching grammar consist on presenting first a set of rules or direct explanations on how grammar works. This approach is characterized by the use of substitutions charts as well as an important focus on the teacher. According to their different learning styles many students will feel comfortable with this type of introducing grammar. |
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3.3.2.1. Presentations
As we have seen above, grammar presentation can take a variety of forms. The most common one found in course books is the use of charts where sample sentences are shown and divided into its components. These components are commonly the parts of speech of the target grammar. Very often these charts are accompanied of direct explanations of rules and exceptions.
Another form of presenting grammar is through the use of texts containing samples of the target grammar. It is particularly important to make notice that texts have the function of providing with the most appropriate context that will help students understand the necessary grammar dimensions: form, maning , and use.
A third form of presenting grammar is through the use of dictogloss. In this case the teacher tells a story in which many sentences of the target grammar are included and later asks students to recap the story. After this comprehension exercise the teacher will elicit different examples of the target grammar.
3.3.2.2. Isolation
Once the grammar has been introduced to students within a clear context, the next step is to isolated the target structures. In so doing, students start to notice the different characteristics of the grammar pattern to be learned. Isolation can be done easily through highlighting sentence patterns or by taking the sentences out of the initial source.
3.3.2.3 Explanation
Whenever a deductive approach to teaching grammar is used, the teacher will need to explain the rules. Explanations are usually more effective when they are short and put in a way that show clarity to students. Eliciting some sample sentences from stunets and analysing them together with the class is always a good way to explain grammar.
Much of the ability to explain a grammar point will depend on the materials that accompany this explanation. Pictures and realia are a great option in this case.
As we have seen above, grammar presentation can take a variety of forms. The most common one found in course books is the use of charts where sample sentences are shown and divided into its components. These components are commonly the parts of speech of the target grammar. Very often these charts are accompanied of direct explanations of rules and exceptions.
Another form of presenting grammar is through the use of texts containing samples of the target grammar. It is particularly important to make notice that texts have the function of providing with the most appropriate context that will help students understand the necessary grammar dimensions: form, maning , and use.
A third form of presenting grammar is through the use of dictogloss. In this case the teacher tells a story in which many sentences of the target grammar are included and later asks students to recap the story. After this comprehension exercise the teacher will elicit different examples of the target grammar.
3.3.2.2. Isolation
Once the grammar has been introduced to students within a clear context, the next step is to isolated the target structures. In so doing, students start to notice the different characteristics of the grammar pattern to be learned. Isolation can be done easily through highlighting sentence patterns or by taking the sentences out of the initial source.
3.3.2.3 Explanation
Whenever a deductive approach to teaching grammar is used, the teacher will need to explain the rules. Explanations are usually more effective when they are short and put in a way that show clarity to students. Eliciting some sample sentences from stunets and analysing them together with the class is always a good way to explain grammar.
Much of the ability to explain a grammar point will depend on the materials that accompany this explanation. Pictures and realia are a great option in this case.